Statistical analysis included the use of independent samples t. Requires a yardstick or a sit and reach the box, adhesive tape, and measuring tape. Comparison of three different sit and reach tests for. Evaluation of hamstring flexibility by using two different measuring instruments bakirtzoglou panteleimon1. The athlete warms up for 10 minutes and then removes their shoes the assistant secures the ruler to the box top with the tape so that the front edge of the box lines up with the 15cm 6 inches mark on the ruler and the. To examine and compare three different sit and reach tests as a measure of hamstring flexibility in 102 female students. The purpose of this study was to examine the criterionrelated validity of the sit and reach test as a. To present several modifications of the standard sitandreach protocol. Since 1999, has been a resource for exercise professionals, coaches, and fitness enthusiasts.
The reliability and validity of a chair sitandreach test as a. To begin this test, have the client sit on the floor with both feet straight out against a box for them to press their feet against. How to test flexibility and balance human kinetics blog. Fitness testing protocol u12, u14, u16, u18, open table of contents. Criterionrelated validity of sit and reach and modified sit and reach test for estimating hamstring flexibility in children and adolescents aged 617 years. The sit and reach test is a common measure of flexibility, and specifically measures the flexibility of the lower back and hamstring muscles. The pretest and postest mean difference of sit and reach test for flexibility is 4. Fiftyeight men and 47 women were asked to perform three trials of sit and reach test sr, toetouch test tt, backsaver sit and reach test bs right and left, unilateral seated sit and reach test usr right and left, and v sit and reach test vsr. The sit and reach test sr one of the most employed lineal test to measure flexibility on the field of physical activity. Modifications to the standard sitandreach flexibility. The modified sit and reach test is designed to control for this. The traditional sit and reach procedure also measures the combined flexibility of the legs.
The test is designed to measure maximum muscle strength of chest and arm muscle. Your client should sit on the floor with their back and head against a wall. Smith sit and reach design greer french, carly grayson, lauryn sanders, taylor williams, melissa willard dr. This following describes the procedures as used in the presidents challenge fitness awards. The traditional sit and reach test, the chair sit and reach test, the back saver sit and reach test, and passive straight leg raise were. Langford, nancy jane, the relationship of the sit and reach test to criterion measures of hamstring and back flexibility in adult males and females. To present several modifications of the standard sit and reach protocol. General procedure for conducting the sit and reach flexibility test for the hamstrings muscles and lower back. All physical fitness test protocol and their normative and reliability. Approximately 50 elements combine to make up 100,000 chemical components, approximately. Physiotherapy rehabilitation of osteoporotic vertebral fracture functional reach test protocol the test explained.
Flexibility test sit and reach purpose procedure equipment. It measures the flexibility of the clients lower back and hamstrings. A comparative analysis of the traditional sitandreach. The v sitandreach vsr test was found to be practical but the validity has not. A comparative analysis of the traditional sit and reach test and the r. Validity of the modified backsaver sitandreach test. Students will need to complete and pass all three tests. Sit on a sturdy chair with your feet hipwidth apart. They do the test without shoes and with slow movements. Besides the obvious physical performance enhancement, the client in this program will learn the correct and most effective tips and techniques to beat the test. Criterionrelated validity of sitandreach tests for estima. It is the most common way to measure hamstring and lower back flexibility, and poor. A comparison of the sitandreach test and the backsaver.
Based on the flexibility relation and joint rom1,4,5, clinical tests are applied to. Reliability of v sitandreach test used for flexibility selfassessment in females. We research and consider each separate combine s testing protocol rules to give us an edge as we work together to get you ready. Relationships between lumbar flexibility, sitandreach. Reproducibility is an important component of reliability, but does not assure validity. The protocol of the study was approved by the ethical committee of the faculty. Flexibility was assessed using the seated flexibility test sft, the distance. But on comparison of these three groups, group c showed better result than the other two groups p sitandreach test. The backsaver sit and reach, as as used by fitnessgram program, tests one leg at a time. It is also known as the 20meter shuttle run test, beep or bleep test among other names. Modifications to the standard sitandreach flexibility protocol. With a step or platform in front of the client, have them step up and back down for 5 minutes or exhaustion. The participant sat on the floor with the legs extended, shoulder width apart, and feet flat against the box.
The purpose of the study was to compare the thoracic and lumbar spine posture among different sit and reach tests. Pdf validez del test sitandreach con flexion plantar. Acsms guidelines of exercise testing and prescription 8th ed. Pdf the reliability and validity of a chair sitandreach test as a. Testing and measurement are the means of collecting information upon which subsequent performance evaluations and decisions are made. It is crucial that the vertical plane against which the subjects feet will be.
The standard sit and reach test is the one described by the acsm in 2006 and csep in 2003, which in fact is the modified wells and dillon protocol from 1952. Trunk flexion requires flexibility of the lower back, hamstring muscles, as. Extend one leg straight out in front of you, toes pointed toward the ceiling. A comparison of the spine posture among several sitand. Physiotherapy rehabilitation of osteoporotic vertebral. The sit and reach test is one of the linear flexibility tests which helps to measure the extensibility of the hamstrings and lower back. Criterionrelated validity of sitandreach and toetouch.
Effectiveness of an osteopathic abdominal manual intervention in pain. This test measures the flexibility of the lower back and hamstring muscles. All you need is a box about 30cm high and a metre ruler. Not affiliated with csep path this videos shows you how to carry out the csep sit and reach protocol. Ensure spotter is ready to support and weights are securehead and lower back well supported. However, there are a number of sit and reach protocols out there. This procedure facilitated the support of the lumbar spine during the test.
Copyright national strength and conditioning association. Original article comparison of three different sit and. The test is conducted indoors or outside on the soccer court, with a static apparatus sit and reach boxsupplied with a. There are several other versions of the sit and reach test. The 0 value is placed at 15 centimeters before the foot buttress committee of experts on sports research, 1988.
Relations of situp and sitandreach tests to low back. Participants were en couraged to give maximal effort dur ing the test. The client should not be making any jerky or quick movements while recording. The concurrent validity of sit and reach and backsaver sit and reach in men is compromised, and hence, other tests should be considered to evaluate the hamstring extensibility. Master of science physical education, august, 1987r 62 ppr 15 tables, bibliography, 51 titles. The client warms up and performs light stretching so they dont hurt themselves. Pacer, sit and reach, and sit up pacer beep test information and some instructions the pacer test is a commonly used maximal running aerobic fitness test. The eurofit manual suggests having 15cm at the level of the feet, and also 10 inches has been used nhl combine testing. Srf, sitandreach with plantar flexion test ten elementary students age 11. The sit and reach test is the most common of all flexibility tests.
The sit and reach test is the most common flexibility test used in health related fitness test batteries. Have them reach as far as they can towards their toes, or if they are really flexible, over the box. The analysis of data indicated that improvement in hamstring tightness was seen in all three groups as measured by sit and reach test. All physical fitness test protocol and their normative and reliability values have. Inadequate flexibility is associated with decreased performance of activities of independent living and decreased ability to engage in specific physical movements.
In the analysis, we need to bear in mind the factors that may influence the results objective. The functional reach test is performed with the participant in standing. The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of the gastrocnemius on the posterior chain by comparing. The ratings of perceived comfort among the sitandreach protocols were. In the chair sit and reach test, designed for testing the elderly, the dominant leg is tested while the subject sits on a chair and leans forward. This test is important as because tightness in this area is implicated in lumbar lordosis, forward pelvic tilt and lower back pain. A comparison of the sit and reach test and the backsaver sit and reach test in university students.
It has a simple procedure, is easy to administer, requires minimal skills training for its application, and the equipment necessary to perform the test. The sit and reach was adminis tered with a standard protocol with trained technicians using a sit and reach box 2. In this study, the sr test was selected following the eurofit protocol. The sitandreach test measures a combination of hip and low back flexibility. Tests can be invalid but reproducible, as in the case of the sit and reach test. Many exercises designed to increase strength and aerobic capacity tend to decrease the flexibility of the erector spinae and hamstrings musculature. Pdf the rationale for the sit and reach test revisited. The sit and reach test is the preferred test over the backsaver sit and reach as measure of hamstring muscle extensibility.
Also, this flexibility test is specific to the range of motion and muscles and joints of the lower back and hamstrings, and is not necessarily transferable to other regions. One of the most common flexibility testing procedures is the sit and reach test. The institute for scholastic sport science and medicine, harvardwestlake school, ca. Among all the sit and reach test protocols, the classic sit and reach test seems to be the best option to estimate hamstring extensibility.
Based on the hui and yuen 2000 report, the sit and reach test appears valid and reliable in comparison to other modified versions of the test but, based on jackson. If their fingers are passed their toes, the results are positive, if the fingers are behind. This study compares the forward reach score, spine and pelvis postures, and hamstring criterionrelated validity concurrent validity between the sit and reach test sr and the backsaver sit and reach test bs. Nsca cpt chapter 11 fitness testing protocols and norms. The rate at which they step is 30 steps per minute. In this study the ymca fitness test is to provide an evaluation method in which. There are a number of different treadmill protocols for measuring vo2max, two of which are. Flexibility back saver sit and reach or shoulder stretch. Comparison between two clinical tests for evaluating the flexibility of. Make sure their feet are bare, both knees are pressed down to the floor, and their palms are facing downward. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 1. Pdf on oct 1, 2003, koen a p m lemmink and others published the validity of the sit and reach test and the modified sit and reach test in middleaged to older men and women find, read and cite. Organization, protocol training, test calibration and many other factors can affect both validity and consistency.
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